The mastering engineer applies equalization, compression, limiting, stereo imaging, and other subtle effects to enhance clarity, balance frequencies, and control dynamics. The goal is to make the mix sound polished, cohesive, and optimized for different playback systems.

The mastered track is rendered to the appropriate loudness standard, file format, and sample rate for its intended platforms (streaming, radio, vinyl, etc.). Multiple versions (such as high-resolution files and MP3s) may be created to ensure compatibility and consistent quality.